Alwar (Rajasthani: अलवर) is a city and administrative headquarters of Alwar District in the state of Rajasthan, India. It is located around 160 km south of Delhi, and about 150 km north of Jaipur, the capital of Rajasthan.
India's highest ever recorded temperature of 50.6 °C (123.1 °F) was measured at Alwar on 10 May 1956.
Alwar was formerly the capital of the princely state of Alwar. It was formerly spelt as "Ulwar" in British India. This placed it in last position in alphabetically ordered lists, so a king changed the spelling to "Alwar" to bring it to the top.
History
The princely state of Alwar was founded by Pratap Singh, a Rajput of the Kachwaha lineage, in 1770. His son, aided the British against the Marathas. After the battle of Laswari (1803) Alwar became the first state of Rajputana to sign a treaty of 'Offensive and Defensive Alliance' with the British East India Company. A few years later, Bakhtawar Singh ventured an armed incursion into neighbouring Jaipur, the senior Kachwaha state, and the erstwhile overlord of his predecessor. Bakhtawar Singh was defeated; a fresh engagement was made with him by the HEIC, prohibiting him from political intercourse with other states without British consent. During the Sepoy Mutiny of 1857, Raoraja Bane Singh sent a force consisting mainly of Muslims and Rajputs, to relieve the British garrison in Agra. The Muslims deserted and the rest were defeated by the rebels. Pran Sukh Yadav, who fought beside Rao Tula Ram of Rewari in 1857, settled along with the kinsmen of dead soldiers at Village Nihalpura, Behror Tehsil, of Alwar District. Following the independence of India in 1947, Alwar acceded unto the dominion of India. On March 18, 1948, the state merged with three neighbouring princely states (Bharatpur, Dholpur and Karauli) to form the Matsya Union. This union in turn merged unto the Union of India. On May 15, 1949, it was united with certain other princely states and the territory of Ajmer to form the present-day Indian state of Rajasthan.
Jai Dayal Yadav and Prime Minister of Matsya Union played a vital role in bringing education to the rural areas of Alwar after independence.Rulers of Alwar state
- Pratap Singh Prabhakar Bahadur (1775–1791) Rao Raja of Alwar
- Bakhtawar Singh Prabhakar Bahadur (1791–1815) Rao Raja of Alwar
- Bane Singh Prabhakar Bahadur (1815–1857) Maharao Raja of Alwar
- Sheodan Singh Prabhakar Bahadur (1857–1874) Maharao Raja of Alwar
- Mangal Singh Prabhakar Bahadur (1874–1892) Maharaja of Alwar
- Jai Singh Prabhakar Bahadur (1892–1937) Maharaja of Alwar
- Tej Singh Prabhakar Bahadur (1937–1971) Maharaja of Alwar (titular Maharaja from 1971–2009)
- Jitendra Pratap Singh Prabhakar Bahadur, Maharaja of Alwar (titular from 2009-)
Demographics
As of 2001[update] India census, Alwar had a population of 160,245. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Alwar has an average literacy rate of 73%, higher than the national average of 59.5%; with 59% of the males and 41% of females literate. 13% of the population is under 6 years of age.Local attractions and excursions
Alwar rail station outside
Alwar Junction
Fairy Queen
It is the oldest working engines in the world and one of national treasure(cultural artifacts) of India. The engine was built in the year 1855 and acquired by the Eastern Indian Railways from a British firm. Now the train is one great means of transportation that departs from the Delhi encampment and reaches its destination at Alwar, in Rajasthan.Tourism
- The Alwar fort (Bala Quila)
- Sariska Tiger Reserve
- Siliserhlake
- Jagannath Temple
- Narayani Mata
- Bhangarh
- Naldeshwar
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